STRATA GUIDE

Strata Titles in WA Explained

Understanding survey strata, built strata, and strata survey requirements in Western Australia

Modern Perth townhouses in strata title development

Strata title is a form of property ownership that allows multiple people to own parts of a single property. In Western Australia, strata titles are governed by the Strata Titles Act 1985, which has been significantly updated over the years. Whether you're developing apartments, townhouses, or subdividing land, understanding strata titles is essential. This guide explains the different types of strata schemes, their requirements, and when you need a strata survey.

What is Strata Title?

Strata title is a system of property ownership where:

  • Individual lots (units, apartments, or land parcels) are owned outright by lot owners
  • Common property (shared areas like driveways, gardens, stairwells) is owned collectively by all lot owners
  • A strata company manages the common property and makes decisions affecting all owners

This system enables developments where different people own different parts of what was once a single property, while sharing responsibility for common areas.

Types of Strata Schemes in WA

Western Australia has several types of strata schemes, each suited to different situations:

Survey Strata

Survey strata (sometimes called "vacant land strata" or "green title strata") divides land into individual lots without reference to buildings. Key characteristics:

  • Lot boundaries are defined by survey pegs in the ground
  • Each lot owner owns the land and anything built on it
  • Common property is typically limited to shared driveways or access ways
  • Simpler ongoing management compared to built strata
  • Popular for townhouse developments and villa subdivisions

Survey strata is often the preferred choice for Perth townhouse and villa developments. Each owner has clear boundaries and owns the land beneath their dwelling, similar to traditional freehold ownership but with shared common property.

Built Strata

Built strata (sometimes called "building strata") defines lots by reference to a building's structure. The lot boundaries are typically the internal surfaces of walls, floors, and ceilings:

  • Lot boundaries follow building walls, floors, and ceilings
  • The building structure itself is typically common property
  • Lot owners own the airspace within their lot boundaries
  • Common property includes the building structure, external areas, and shared facilities
  • Used for apartments, multi-storey developments, and commercial buildings

Built strata is essential for apartment buildings where multiple lots exist on different floors. The survey plan shows building cross-sections and floor plans rather than ground-level boundaries.

Leasehold Strata

Leasehold strata applies to developments on Crown land where the land is leased rather than owned freehold. The strata scheme operates similarly to freehold strata but with lease terms applying to all lots.

Survey Strata vs Built Strata: Key Differences

Feature Survey Strata Built Strata
Boundaries defined by Survey pegs in ground Building walls/floors/ceilings
Land ownership Lot owner owns land Land is common property
Building ownership Lot owner owns building Structure is common property
Common property Usually minimal (driveways) Extensive (structure, land, facilities)
Strata levies Generally lower Generally higher
Best suited for Townhouses, villas, grouped dwellings Apartments, multi-storey buildings

Strata Survey Requirements

All strata subdivisions in Western Australia require a strata survey by a licensed surveyor. The survey requirements differ depending on the type of strata:

Survey Strata Survey Requirements

For survey strata, the licensed surveyor must:

  • Establish the boundaries of each lot with survey marks
  • Define common property boundaries
  • Prepare a strata plan showing lot dimensions and areas
  • Show any easements or restrictions
  • Coordinate with building locations (if buildings exist)

Built Strata Survey Requirements

For built strata, additional requirements include:

  • Survey of the building to determine lot boundaries within the structure
  • Floor plans showing the extent of each lot
  • Building cross-sections for multi-storey developments
  • Calculation of lot and common property areas
  • Certification that the building matches the approved plans

Built strata surveys are typically more complex and expensive due to the detailed building survey required.

The Strata Subdivision Process

Creating a strata scheme involves several steps:

1. Planning Approval

Before subdivision, you typically need development approval from your local council and the Western Australian Planning Commission (WAPC). This ensures the development complies with planning requirements.

2. WAPC Subdivision Approval

A subdivision application is lodged with the WAPC, including a draft strata plan prepared by a licensed surveyor. The application is referred to council and service authorities for comment. See our guide on the Perth subdivision process for details.

3. Clearing Conditions

Once approved, conditions must be satisfied. This typically includes service connections, infrastructure works, and (for built strata) construction of the building.

4. Final Strata Survey

A licensed surveyor conducts the final survey and prepares the strata plan for lodgement with Landgate.

5. Landgate Registration

The strata plan is registered, creating separate titles for each lot. The strata company comes into existence, and lot owners can be registered on their individual titles.

Common Property and Strata Companies

Every strata scheme has common property and a strata company:

Common Property

Common property is owned collectively by all lot owners and may include:

  • Driveways and access ways
  • Gardens and landscaped areas
  • Swimming pools and recreational facilities
  • Building structure (in built strata)
  • Roof and external walls (in built strata)
  • Stairs, lifts, and corridors (in built strata)

Strata Company

The strata company is automatically created when the strata plan is registered. All lot owners are members. The strata company:

  • Manages and maintains common property
  • Sets and collects strata levies
  • Insures common property
  • Makes bylaws governing the scheme
  • Resolves disputes between owners

Unit Entitlements

Each lot in a strata scheme has a unit entitlement that determines:

  • The owner's share of common property
  • Voting rights at meetings
  • Liability for strata levies

Unit entitlements are set when the strata plan is registered and are typically based on lot area or value. They cannot be easily changed after registration.

Choosing Between Survey and Built Strata

The choice between survey strata and built strata depends on your development:

Choose survey strata when:

  • Building separate dwellings (townhouses, villas)
  • Each dwelling will have its own land
  • Minimal common property is desired
  • Lower ongoing strata costs are preferred

Choose built strata when:

  • Building apartments or units
  • Lots are stacked vertically
  • Shared building structure is necessary
  • Complex common facilities are included

Your surveyor can advise on the most appropriate strata type for your development.

Need Strata Survey Services?

Our licensed surveyors provide comprehensive strata survey services for developments throughout Perth. From initial advice through to Landgate lodgement, we handle all aspects of strata subdivision.

Get a Quote Call (08) 5122 5501

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